Portable excavator



May 20, 1947. w n- 2,420,991

PORTABLE EXCAVATOR Filed June 11, 1945 FIG. 2. Flea.

mvzm-on FRED L. \NHITE ATTORNEY Patented May 20, 1947 PORTABLE EXCAVATOR Fred L. White, Marion, Ohio, assignor to The Osgood Company, Marion, Ohio, a. corporation of Ohio Application June 11, 1945, Serial No. 598,805

7 Claims. 1

This invention relates to portable excavators and in its more specific aspects is directed to an improved dipper manipulating mechanism.

One of the objects of the invention is to provide an improved cable operated retracting and crowding mechanism for the dipper and handle assembly on a portable excavator.

Another object of the invention is to provide an improved cable reeving means for the retract and crowd mechanism on an excavator enabling the dipper to be under positive control regardless of the elevation of the boom or the amount of the extension of the dipper handle through the boom.

Another object of the invention is to provide a cable reeving mechanism that places the dipper under positive control without balancing the crowd and retract cable forces through the drum common to the two cables.

A further object of the invention is to provide an improved cable reeving plan for the crowd and retract cables that terminate on a common winding drum in which either one of the cables is effective on the dipper and its handle regardless of their position relative to the supporting boom.

Other and further objects of the invention will occur to those skilled in the arts to which this invention pertains as the description proceeds which taken in connection with the accompanying drawing sets forth a preferred embodiment of the invention but such disclosure is not to be construed as a limitation of the invention which is limited only by the appended claims and any and all modifications, alterations and variations of structure coming within the spirit and scope thereof are deemed to be included herein.

In the drawings:

Figure l is a perspective view of a portion of a portable excavator incorporating the invention.

Fig, 2 shows an elevational view of a double drum winch device.

Fig. 3 shows the shipper shaft construction.

Fig. 4 shows the mode of securing the cable to the shipper shaft drum.

The reduction of weight and bulk in portable excavators without loss of maneuverability or efficiency of the dipper throughout the full range of boom and dipper movement and reduction of the number of operating parts in portable excavators is an ultimate result desired by the art. The instant invention seeks to reduce the number of operating parts to control the dipper movements to the full extent of the dipper handle movement and in every degree of boom adjustment with respect to the deck or upper body structure t which it is pivoted.

The above objects and advantages are achieved in a structure setforth in the accompanying drawings in which I is a portion of the conventional tread and chassis structure on which the excavator device is traversed about. An upper body or deck structure 2 is swingably mounted on structure I by means of a conventional center pin and bearing construction. The deck or upper body 2 is provided with a suitable prime mover (not shown) to drive the several operating parts subsequently described.

A boom 3 is pivotally supported on deck 2 by means of a suitable pivot pin (not shown) structure. Cables 4, 4 secured to the upper end of boom 3 are led to a suitable winding drum by means of Which the boom 3 is moved vertically to adjust the angle of the boom with respect to the horizontal.

A dipper 5 provided with a handle 6 is supported in the boom 3, the handle 6 extending through a slot 1 in the boom 3. A shipper shaft 8 is rotatably supported on the boom 3 in suitable journaling means 9. A gear I0 fixed to shaft 8 meshes with rack i l on handle 6. When shaft 8 is rotated the dipper 5 and handle 6 is manipulated or moved transversely to the boom 3 for the crowding and retracting of the dipper 5.

A double drum winch is rotatably mounted on the deck or upper body 2 on a shaft l2 in suitable journals supported on deck or in upper body 2. Power derived from the prime mover is applied to gear 13 rigidly secured to shaft II. A clutch assembly I4 is operatively associated with the gear I3 and is connected to a drum I 5 also mounted on shaft l2, clutch l4 being adapted to connect the drum I5 to the gear I3. A brake assembly 16 is associated with drum I5 to lock it in any desired position or to prevent it from rotating.

Fixed to the other end of the shaft I2 is a wheel I! with which a clutch assembly I8 is operatively associated. A winding drum I9 is mounted on the shaft l2 and is adapted to be driven from wheel I! through clutch l8. Brake assembly 20 is operatively associated with the drum l9 and is adapted to lock the drum l9 against rotation or t retard rotation therein whenever necessary.

Suitable controls for each of the clutches l4 and I8 well known in the art and for each of the brakes I6 and 20 also well known in the art are provided at the operators station for the selective joint or several operation of each clutch and brake element.

Drum l9 and its associated clutch and brake assemblies I8 and 20 function as the hoist and retract control for the dipper '5 and its handle 6.

This action is accomplished by means of a cable 2| which is secured to drum is which is then led over a sheave 22 rotatably mounted on the end of boom 3. It is then led through padlock sheave 23 pivotally secured to the dipper 5, then over sheave 24 rotatably mounted on. the end of boom 3 and is then led to and fastened to the shipper shaft drum 25 fixed to shaft 8 as shown in Fig. 3. As viewed in Figs. 1 and 3 the cable 2| is led around the lower side of the drum and is wound or wrapped on the drum to the left or counterclockwise.

Crowd means for the dipper 5 comprises a cable 26 secured to and wound on drum l5 and is then led to the shipper shaft drum .25. Cable 26 is secured to and wound on drum 25 in a direction opposite to that of cable 21 or to the right and clockwise as shown in Fig. 3.

The cables 21 and 26 are attached to the drum in the manner illustrated in Fig. 4. The drum flanges are not shown in this figure in order to better illustrate the assembly. Suitable apertures are formed at opposite ends thereof into which the ends of cables 2! and 2B are inserted. The cables are retained in the apertures by suitable wedges (not shown) in any manner well known to the art.

The operation of the above described mechanism depends upon the sequential operation of the several clutch and brake mechanisms, i4, I8 and i6. 20. Assuming that the dipper is in a position to start on an up cutting operation brake 20 is released and clutch I8 is engaged to thereby reeve cable 2| on the drum 19. With brake I 6 set cable 2! on movement will start dipper 5 moving upward. Upon release of brake It and engagement of clutch l4, cable 26 will be wound on drum l5. Rotation will then be initiated in drum 2! with gear l rotating to urge handle 8 outward by reason of its enga ment with rack H to crowd dipper 5. This crowding action will continue during the full extent of rack II travel in all elevational positions of boom 3. There is no balancing of forces through drum .25 by reason of the above cable connections. It is apparent that by the proper sequential operations of brakes I8, 20 and clutches l4. I8 the dipper may be placed in any vertical position and always be under positive control. The retracting is accomplished by gravitational action when the dipper is elevated and by cable 26 when the dipper is lowered. The dinner will normally drop vertically and by reason of the reverse rotation of drum 25 imposed by cable 2| the dipper and handle will be drawn towards the excavator. Motion may be arrested at any time and the dipper *5 held stationary by jointly or individually setting brakesv It or l8 or both. It should be apparent that within the limits of tilting movement of boom 3 and the limits of movement of handle 6 movements of the dipper 5 will always be under complete control and to impose any desired path of movement thereon. Independent operation of the crowd control will cause adhering material on the dipper to be shaken loose when done repeatedly.

That which is regarded new, novel and useful and which is sought to be protected by Letters Patent of the United States is as follows:

1. In a portable excavator; an upper body; a boom on said upper body; a dipper and handle assembly; a shipper shaft on said boom; means on said shipper shaft to engage said handle; a drum on said shipper shaft; a pair of winding drums on said upper body; a cable connecting said shipper shaft drum and one of said winding drums and operatively associated with said dipper to hoist and retract same; a cable connected between the other of said winding drums and said shipper shaft drum to crowd said dipper; said cables wound in opposite directions on said shipper shaft drum and wound thereon from the lower side of said drum; and means to selectively control the operation of said winding drums to selectively reversely rotate said shipper shaft to hoist, retract or crowd said dipper.

2. In a portable excavator; an upper body; a boom pivoted thereon; a dipper and handle mechanism; a shipper shaft on said boom; means on said handle engaging means on said shipper shaft to move said dipper and handle relative to said boom; a drum on said shipper shaft; 2. double drum winding means on said upper body; a cable connected between said shipper shaft drum and one of said winding drums to crowd said dipper; a cable connected between said shipper shaft drum and the other of said winding drums operatively associated with said dipper to retract and hoist said dipper; said cables wound in opposite directions on said shipper shaft drum from the lower side thereof to control said handle and dipper mechanism in all its positions relative to said boom; and means to selectively rotate each of said winding drums to selectively reversely rotate said shipper shaft to hoist, crowd, or retract said dipper in all positions of the handle relative to said boom.

3. A portable excavator comprising an upper body; a boom thereon; a dipper and handle slidable relative to said boom; means to slide said dipper and handle relative to said boom including a shipper shaft having means thereon engageable with said handle: a drum on said shipper shaft; a pair of winding drums on said upper body; cables connecting said winding drums and said shipper shaft drum to crowd said dipper, one of said cables operatively associated with said dipper to hoist and retract said dipper, said cables wound in opposite directions on said shipper shaft drum and from the lower side thereof; and means to control the rotation of said pair of winding drums to selectively reversely rotate said shipper shaft to selectively hoist, crowd or retract said dipper in all positions of said handl relative to said boom.

4. In a portable excavator; an upper body; a boom on said upper body: a shipper shaft rotatably mounted on said boom; a drum on said shipper shaft; a dipper; a handle on said dipper operatively associated with said shipper shaft; sheaves on said dipper and said boom; a pair of winding drums on said upper body; a cable connected to said shipper shaft drum. led about said sheaves and connected to one of said winding drums to hoist and retract said dipper: a cable connected to said shipper shaft drum and connected to the other of said winding drums to crowd said dipper: said cable wound in opposite directions on said shipper shaft drum from the lower side thereof: and means to reversely rotate said shipper shaft to selectively independently hoist. crowd or retract said dipper.

5. A portable excavator comprisin an upper body: a boom on said upper bodv: a ship er shaft on said boom; a dipper: a handle on said di per operatlvely associated with said shipper shaft: a drum on said shipper shaft; a pair of winding drums on said upper body: a pair of cables wound in opposite directions on said shipper shaft drum from the lower side thereof and each connected to one of said winding drums, one of said cables operatively associated with said dipper to hoist and retract said dipper; and means to reversely rotate said shipper shaft to independently and selectively crowd, hoist or retract said dipper in any position of said handle relative to said boom.

6. A portable excavator comprising a boom on an upper body; a pair of winding drums on the upper body; a shipper shaft on said boom; a dipper; a handle for said dipper operatively associated with said shipper shaft; a drum on said shipper shaft; one of each of a pair of cables wound in opposite directions on said shipper shaft drum from the lower side thereof, the other ends of said pair of cables secured to each of said winding drums, one of said cables operatively associated with said dipper to hoist and retract said dipper; and means to individually and selectively operate said winding drums to reversely rotate said shipper shaft to thereby hoist, retract or crowd said dipper.

7. A portable excavator comprising a boom having sheaves on the ends thereof, said boom mounted on an upper body; a pair of winding drums on the upper body; a shipper shaft on said boom; a dipper having a sheave thereon; a handle for said dipper operatively associated with said shipper shaft; a drum on said shipper shaft; means to reversely rotate said shipper shaft which comprises a pair of cables secured to said shipper shaft drum and wound in opposite directions thereon from the lower side of said shipper shaft drum, one of said cables led around said dipper and boom sheaves and connected to one of said winding drums to hoist and retract said dipper, the other of said cables secured to the other of said winding drums to crowd said dipper; and means to independently and selectively actuate said winding drums to reversely rotate said shipper shaft to hoist, crowd or retract said dipper.

FRED L. WHITE.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,457,301 Ferris et al June 5, 1923 1,721,761 Arraud July 23, 1929 1,780,351 Fykse Nov. 4, 1930 1,886,032 Lotte Nov. 1, 1932 1,891,351 George Dec. 20, 1932 2,037,958 Baker Apr. 21, 1936 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 3,165 Great Britain Feb. 6, 1914 

